The zero-order correlations, and both direct and indirect links between LR and EXPECT in the model, indicated a more robust contribution of alcohol expectancies than was seen for peer substance use. These findings are consistent with prior longitudinal expectancy-focused research and some prior evaluations of this model (Schuckit et al., 2008c). It is relevant to note that the overall performance of EXPECT occurred despite the fact that the ALSPAC protocol did not allow for the use of the 90-item full Adolescent Alcohol Expectancy Scale. Thus, while the current study used an abbreviated version of the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire, the results are consistent with the probability that similar results might have been seen if we had been able to use the full and more widely tested scale. The performance of PEER and EXPECT in these analyses, despite using shortened versions of these variables, may attest to the stability across different measures regarding the relationships among components of the LR-based model.
