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Chunk #9 — METHODS — Smoking-related variables

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TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 and CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 influence different pathways leading to smoking behavior from adolescence to mid-adulthood.
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Although smoking at 14 and 31 years were collected using different questions, there was a stepwise association between the degrees of smoking severity at the two time points. Occasional-smokers at age 14, as compared to non-smokers, were almost four-times more likely to become heavy-smokers at 31 years [OR (95%CI): 4.01 (3.17–5.08), Wald-Chi-square=78.2, df=1, p<0.0001]. Regular-smokers at age 14, as compared to non-smokers, were almost ten-times more likely to become heavy-smokers at 31 years [OR (95%CI): 9.86 (7.12–13.66), Wald-Chi-square=189.3, df=1, p<0.0001]