Data were analyzed using mixed-effect models where group (control vs alcohol dependent), condition (stress, cues, and neutral, relaxing), and time (−20, −5, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75) were fixed effects and subject was the random effect. Baseline differences were accounted for as covariates in the model for each measure in which baseline differences were significant, with the exception of alcohol use measures. All HPA axis-provoked responses were assessed using baseline-adjusted measures. In addition, age and sex were included as covariates in all mixed-model analyses.
