findings (Anton et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2009; Oroszi et al., 2009; Oslin et al., 2003). For instance, using a haplotype-based approach, the A118G locus, and not SNPs found in the same haplotype block, contributed to the improved response to naltrexone treatment in alcohol-dependent subjects with the G118 allele (Oroszi et al., 2009). However, other studies failed to find an association between the G118 allele and an improved response to naltrexone (Arias et al., 2008; Gelernter et al., 2007; Tidey et al., 2008) or nalmefene treatment (Arias et al., 2008).