This well-known task tests auditory-verbal working memory by having participants immediately repeat back sequences of digits to the experimenter. It was administered in standard from according to procedures listed in the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) (Wechsler, 2003) manual. In functional imaging studies, this task reliably activates lateral prefrontal cortex (Owen, 2000). We used the WISC Digit Span total raw score as the dependent variable in our analyses.
