Since the organoids are formed from standard pluripotent stem cell (PSC) cultures, this technique allows for a variety of scientific questions to be answered regarding viral infection of the developing brain. For example, CRISPR engineering may be used to modify these PSC lines prior to organoid infection at a faster rate than most in vivo genetic studies19. Additionally, unlike in standard two dimensional (2D) differentiation cultures, organoids exhibit the complex cellular architecture that is critical for corticogenesis, and recent studies have shown that this architecture may be disrupted upon infection21.Finally, the relatively low cost of generating organoids allows for higher throughput experimentation and screening when compared to in vivo models. On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to the utilization of organoids to study ZIKV. While organoids are far more biologically relevant than 2D cultures, there are additional challenges in the assessment of organoids due to their three-dimensional (3D) nature. Imaging and dissociation of organoids tends to involve more equipment and a larger investment of resources than in standard 2D cultures. Additionally, organoids lack the vasculature and immunological components
