Behavioral analyses evaluated the extent to which choices indicative of risk-taking evidenced relations with externalizing proneness. Following prior work, risk-taking was operationalized as the proportion of high number (25) choices in response to 25-5 or 5-25 number pairings (cf. Gehring & Willoughby, 2002). For the sample as a whole, the mean proportion of risky choices was .60 (SD = .14; range = .27 to 1.00); across participants, the proportion of risky choices correlated positively with scores on the ESI-100, r = .21, p = .01, such that individuals higher in externalizing proneness made more risky choices. However, as noted below (see Footnote 4), heightened risk-taking did not mediate observed relations between externalizing proneness and ERP response.
