The trajectories of association were examined by the methods described in section 2.4.2. Most importantly, controlling the false discovery rate at 5% showed that about 24% of regression results were significant at a threshold of p < .009. Bootstrapping confirmed the statistical characteristics provided by the Matlab glmfit() function. This is not surprising given the approximate normality in the phenotypic data and the absence of extremely small minor allele frequencies in the genotypic data. Permutation tests showed that significant results were non-randomly distributed across the range of SNP-age-phenotype combinations. Mean phenotypic differences between genotypes as measured by effect sizes in each sex were smaller than differences between sexes. The small differences between estimates of effect size at successive ages in each sex makes it difficult to obtain accurate values for rates of change on the genotypic level, so that comparisons between genotypes are made in terms of the mean values of the trajectory (cumulative effect). This fact must be kept in mind in interpreting the results. These results are described in detail in the paragraphs below.
