a 1-year lag. For a 10-year lag, the correlations ranged from .36 to .12 for males and from .34 to 0 for females. In the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of 369 Finnish children, Kokko et al. [in press], Pulkkinen and Pitkänen [1993], and Pitkänen-Pulkkinen [1981] also used multiple reports of the child’s aggression across ages 8, 14, 20, 27, 36, and 42. The average obtained stability coefficients from age 8 to 14 were .50 for males and .28 for females. From age 8 to 27 they were .20 for males and .07 for females (see Pulkkinen’s article in this issue for more recent waves of data). In the Cambridge Study of Delinquent Development, Farrington [1990, 2003] and Farrington and West [1981] have followed 411 boys growing up in London for 38 years from childhood into adulthood and found that measures of aggression from childhood were related to adult criminal convictions, violence, and chronic offending (see Farrington’s article in this issue). In our own Columbia County Longitudinal Study [e.g., Eron et al., 1971; Huesmann and Moise, 1998; Huesmann et al., 1984], participants were interviewed at ages 8, 19, 30, and 48 between 1960 and 2000. Using structural modeling of a latent trait
