The analysis above relies on the assumption that replication attempts provide a more accurate reflection of the true rate of positive cG×E findings than do novel studies. While probably true, publication bias may also exist among replication attempts themselves, meaning that less than 27% of replication attempts are actually positive. To test for evidence consistent with this possibility, we compared sample sizes of positive (significant and in consistent direction) replication attempts and negative (nonsignificant or opposite direction) replication attempts.
