Roberts et al., 2000), demonstrating that mu receptors are essential to consumption and motivation for alcohol. Mu receptor also plays a role in alcohol withdrawal as the absence of mu receptor accelerated the progression of physical signs of withdrawal (Ghozland et al., 2005). Finally, no locomotor stimulation was observed following alcohol administration in mu KO mice (Ghozland et al., 2005) and Table 6), and altogether data show a prominent role of mu receptors in many aspects of alcohol effects.
