Finally, we have studiously avoided trying to pick winners and losers here, in terms of targets or by critiquing published studies. In this respect, time often plays the role of editor in science more successfully than review authors or journal editors, and it will be apparent before long, which of these studies and targets show the most reliable and reproducible responses to alcohol. In this way we hope to assemble the available evidence and help to summarize and clarify existing knowledge, and perhaps to illuminate areas where there are clearly gaps in our understanding.