Patient DNA was digested with restriction endonuclease SmaI (New England Biosystems, Ipswich, MA, USA), followed by long-range PCR with DNA primers, LR_magel2_for and LR_magel2_rev (Supplementary Table 2). Specific mutation loci were amplified by nested-PCR and further analyzed by capillary electrophoresis sequencing. The following pairs of DNA primers were used for nested PCRs: Nested_PCR1_for, Nested_PCR1_rev, and Nested_PCR2_for, Nested_PCR2_rev (Supplementary Table 2).