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Chunk #13 — Introduction — Procedure — Stimulus training and craving

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A polymorphism in GABRA2 is associated with the medial frontal response to alcohol cues in an fMRI study.
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Before entering the scanner room, subjects were told that they would be “familiarized with the odorants” by smelling each (grouped by AO, NApO, ApCO) through the olfactometer while simultaneously seeing representative pictures on a computer monitor. Just prior to combined odor/picture cue-exposure (baseline), and again after each of the three stimulus classes, subjects rated desire to drink by responding to items 11 (“I have an urge to drink now”), 18 (“Nothing would be better than drinking right now”), 21 (“I want to use alcohol right now.”), and 32 (“It would be great to use alcohol now”) from the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire (ACQ; Singleton et al., 2000) on a visual analog scale (VAS; 1= strongly disagree, 7= strongly agree). Subjects rated mood (“Right now, I feel angry, grouchy, annoyed, bad-tempered,” “Right now, I feel happy, energetic, full of pep, cheerful, vigorous”) on the same VAS.