Treatment-seeking smokers with the minor alleles of chr15q25.1 SNPs rs588765 or rs1051730, versus those without these alleles, are less likely to achieve 6MO abstinence if prescribed PLA, and more likely to achieve 6MO abstinence if prescribed NRT. However, identification and characterization of biomarkers that support the personalization of smoking cessation therapy will be challenging. For example, differences in prediction of abstinence between ROC models with and without rs1051730 (Fig. 2) were a fraction (average of 10%) of the AUC change observed when nicotine dependence measures are added to the ROC models. The modest improvement in prediction attributable to genetic variables versus the larger impact of dependence measures on abstinence likelihood suggests that risk models will include multiple non-genetic and genetic variables [10]. The analysis of multiple randomized clinical trials in an integrated data analysis framework to validate the novel association of rs1051730 with abstinence in individuals randomized to NRT, and to discover, and then to validate, additional novel biomarker associations with abstinence, will be necessary to develop algorithms for smoking cessation treatment assignment, i.e., personalized medicine [82]. The goal of
