These findings have stimulated an interest in understanding the cognitive and motivational factors that distinguish individuals with these personality traits from those without to inform the development of new interventions. With respect to IMP, a very large literature points to a specific deficit in response inhibition, which has been linked to abnormal structural and functional brain profiles that suggest a brain-related impairment in stopping behaviour [28, 29]. This research also suggests that these deficits are directly related to the tendency to drink and try substances in early adolescence and to be more susceptible to more frequent and excessive use following onset (compulsive use).
