the LD between rs279871 and the synonymous exonic coding variant rs279858 was complete (D’ = 1, r2 = 1; 1,000 genomes pilot 1 data for CEU). Increased risk for a clinical diagnosis of alcohol dependence was associated with carrying two copies of the high risk allele A at the SNP rs279871 at GABRA2 (Dick et al. 2006b; Edenberg et al. 2004). Participants were classified as having a high risk genotype (coded 1) if they were homozygous for the A allele, and 0 if they carried one or zero copies of this allele, consistent with previous research. Thirty-two percent of the analysis sample was classified as high-risk at GABRA2.