The IPA Upstream Regulator analysis was conducted to identify potential mechanisms of alcohol-induced changes in the neuroproteome. This analysis identifies a cascade of upstream regulators that can explain the observed changes in protein expression. Identification of statistically most likely regulators is based on expected effects between potential regulators and their target proteins stored in the Ingenuity® Knowledge Base. The analysis examines how many known targets of each regulator are present in the dataset and compares direction of change in experimental data to what is expected from the literature in order to predict likely regulators. Overlap P values represent the probability of upstream regulators based on significant overlap between dataset proteins and known targets of potential regulator proteins.