As far as we are aware, Ernhart et al. (1988) were the first to demonstrate better predictive validity of retrospective than antenatal self report of maternal alcohol consumption during a prior pregnancy for child outcomes (i.e., morphological anomalies). The only prior study to compare relations of antenatal and postnatal retrospective reports of alcohol intake to child neurobehavioral outcome was by Jacobson, et al., (1991; 2002). In that research, 13-month retrospective report was higher than antenatal reports of alcohol use collected during pregnancy. Both antenatal and retrospective reports were significantly and negatively related to infant birth weight and birth length (Jacobson, et al., 1991; 2002), which in the current study were significant only for retrospective report. That prior study is similar to the present results in that antenatal but not retrospective maternal report predicted earlier gestational age at birth. However, those findings differ from the present results in that their retrospective report predicted smaller head circumference (Jacobson, et al., 1991; 2002) and the current data, after controlling for potential confounders, do not. Also in contrast to the current behavioral results at
