first documented by Mellanby (1919), who placed dogs on a treadmill and slowly infused alcohol intravenously, leading to first rising and then falling blood alcohol levels (BAL). He noted that they stumbled more when BAL was rising than they did at the same BAL during the descending portion of the curve. This showed that they had very rapidly become tolerant to alcohol’s intoxicating effects. Acute functional tolerance has been studied extensively in rats and mice (Kalant et al. 1971;Erwin, Deitrich 1996;Ponomarev, Crabbe 2002).
