Details on the genotyping of the ARIC sample are available through dbGaP and are described elsewhere 22. Briefly, genotyping was conducted by the Broad Institute using the Affymetrix Affy 6.0 SNP array and the Birdseed calling algorithm 23. Following guidelines for the use of genotypic data provided by the ARIC GWAS team, data were extracted for all SNPs with a sample-wide call rate ≥95%, fewer than 5 discordant calls across duplicated DNA samples in the quality control subsample (n=334), and in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (p>0.001).