as assessed by three different measures, and responds to the anxiolytic effects of ethanol [54]. Therefore changes in the GABAergic system were expected. P and NP rats differ in their hippocampal theta currents [55] and this may be related in part to the differences in expression of GABBR1 that we noted in our study [56]. Finally, compared with NP rats, P rats show increased nicotine self administration and relapse together with increased cocaine seeking during extinction and cocaine priming-induced reinstatement i.e. relapse vulnerability, indicating the likelihood of a general addictive tendency [2].