(−27·67 to −22·08)*19·12 (15·60 to 22·93)16·03 (13·04 to 19·14)14·44 (11·43 to 17·54)–16·16 (−17·99 to −13·29)*–9·90 (−12·40 to −7·72)*–24·46 (−27·62 to −21·13)*–24·69 (−27·48 to −21·70)*3Zinc deficiency11·26 (3·33 to 21·64)9·36 (2·93 to 18·11)7·96 (2·45 to 15·87)–16·89 (−20·14 to −10·22)*–14·99 (−17·90 to −11·14)*–29·35 (−33·23 to −21·63)*11·31 (3·29 to 21·72)9·35 (2·90 to 18·12)7·96 (2·46 to 15·92)–17·29 (−20·61 to −11·41)*–14·85 (−17·96 to −10·84)*–29·57 (−33·72 to −22·15)*–29·46 (−32·76 to −23·49)*2Tobacco3Smoking35·72 (32·76 to 39·76)30·16 (27·23 to 34·44)25·14 (22·69 to 28·74)–15·57 (−18·63 to −12·33)*–16·63 (−20·29 to −12·87)*–29·61 (−33·96 to −24·13)*11·11 (9·22 to 14·19)9·65 (7·88 to 12·63)7·93 (6·49 to 10·55)–13·15 (−16·68 to −7·93)*–17·83 (−23·41 to −12·38)*–28·63 (−34·48 to −20·87)*–28·99 (−33·00 to −24·33)*3Smokeless tobacco13·39 (12·68 to 14·11)15·58 (15·10 to 16·07)15·04 (14·34 to 15·80)16·36 (9·65 to 23·26)*–3·46 (−8·38 to 2·17)12·33 (4·70 to 20·89)*8·34 (7·65 to 9·00)9·31 (8·82 to 9·80)8·61 (7·88 to 9·37)11·55 (1·46 to 23·48)*–7·44 (−16·18 to 2·32)3·25 (−8·03 to 16·93)9·11 (2·16 to 16·49)*3Second-hand smoke23·11 (22·52 to 23·63)19·73 (19·48 to 19·96)18·96 (18·60 to 19·28)–14·62 (−16·80 to −12·40)*–3·91 (−4·99 to −2·82)*–17·96 (−20·68 to −15·11)*43·29 (42·00 to 44·40)35·87 (35·10 to 36·55)33·32 (32·49 to 33·97)–17·13 (−18·78 to −15·25)*–7·11 (−8·22 to −6·01)*–23·03 (−25·21 to −20·59)*–21·39 (−23·64 to −18·82)*2Alcohol and drug use3Alcohol use13·82 (11·94 to 15·70)14·27 (12·36 to 16·27)14·05 (12·28 to 15·85)3·26 (−1·07 to 8·20)–1·54 (−5·49
