hours before drug intake (Fatseas et al., 2015). This suggests that the effects of craving may be more sustained unless an intervention is introduced. The fact that craving continued to exert an impact on next-day drinking behavior over and above same-day drinking suggests that craving still wields powerful effects beyond any possible within day variation of when it might be at its peak, at least for individuals receiving outpatient treatment for AUD. Future investigations that use EMA approaches with random prompts and participant-initiated surveys would be necessary to address the relative impact of within day variation of stressors, alcohol cues, and their combination on alcohol craving and future drinking. It is important to note that we assessed all daily stressors and not specifically traumatic events, which tend to be more infrequent occurrences. Notably, current findings suggest that stressors do not have to be traumatic in nature to increase craving and influence day-to-day drinking outcomes. Specific assessment of the influence of traumatic occurrences on day-to-day craving and drinking in the real world would be an important future research goal. Another important area for future research would be to assess if gender moderates the associations between the variables of interest. Studies with
