Chunk #39 — Understanding the Typical Network Developmental Pattern of Segregation and Integration Will Aid in Our Understanding of Disordered Development
Likewise, an understanding of the developmental trajectory utilizing segregation and integration in other region sets may help inform our understanding of developmental disorders such as autism and ADHD. rs-fcMRI connectivity studies of the default mode network in autism show reduced connectivity within the network in adults (Cherkassky et al. 2006; Kennedy and Courchesne 2008) and adolescents (Jones et al. 2010). Similarly, Uddin et al. (2008) show decreased homogeneity in default mode network connectivity in adults with ADHD. Since correlations between long distance regions in the default mode and control networks increase with age, these findings are consistent with a hypothesis of an “immature” default network underlying these clinical states. Moreover, Fair et al. (2010) have shown immaturity in the default mode network via both reduced correlation values for rs-fcMRI connections that increase with age and an increased correlation value for an rs-fcMRI connection that decrease with age. This atypical default mode network functional connectivity in ADHD is consistent with the hypothesis that inattention and impulsivity are consequences of intrusions of the default mode network during intended maintenance of the task
