Neuroimaging has informed our understanding of functional and structural alterations related to acute and chronic alcohol use and alcohol use disorder. There is evidence of SG differences across imaging modalities; although this work is limited. Functional and structural imaging data are mixed but common areas susceptible to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol are apparent, including cortico-limbic regions like the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, striatum, and amygdala, as well as alterations in dopamine. Because results on SG differences in the neuroimaging of AUD in women and men are sparse, there is an urgent need for the study of SG differences in alcohol-related alterations in brain chemistry, structure, and function and a need for replication in larger samples of women.
