for alcohol use in youth (Dick et al., 2007).The present study builds on twin studies, which provide estimates of the combined variance explained by multiple genes (i.e., heritability or estimates of additive genetic risk for a disorder), by conducting the first analysis of gene-environment interactions in the association between a specific functional polymorphism of the µ-opioid receptor (OPRM1) gene, the A118G SNP, and risk for developing an AUD during adolescence. Specifically, this study tested whether variation in parenting practices and affiliation with deviant peers moderated the role of this polymorphism on the development of an AUD among youth.
