In summary, this study represents the first GWAS of TS. Despite the lack of genome-wide significant loci, the study provides an important foundation for future replication efforts and lays the groundwork for the eventual identification of definitive common TS susceptibility variants. The data also contribute to the still nascent understanding of the underlying genetic architecture of TS, which is likely to include genetic variation across the allelic frequency spectrum.13, 45, 48-50 Our results also parallel those of other common neuropsychiatric disorders, for which increased sample sizes have generated significant findings for both common and rare variants that together provide key insights into previously unknown disease mechanisms.51-53 Finally, the current data will facilitate examination of the proposed genetic relationships between TS and its common co-occurring conditions, OCD and ADHD8, as well as those from additional psychiatric disorders33, with the goal of identifying the biological pathways shared by these common neurodevelopmental conditions.
