We classified effect sizes based on traits at the level of the Big Five or broader as broad measures, and facet or more specific constructs as narrow measures. For example, we treated the superfactors of the MPQ (e.g., constraint, negative emotionality, positive emotionality, absorption; Tellegen & Waller, 2008) as broad measures, and the more specific scales (e.g., achievement, control, harm avoidance, etc.) as narrow measures. For studies that focused on a specific trait not in reference to a general taxonomy (e.g., anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, shyness, etc.), we coded these as narrow measures. We created an effects coded variable with narrow measures coded as −.5 and broad measures as .5. Slightly more measures were classified as narrow (n = 170) than broad (n = 160).
