To identify loci associated with smoking initiation, intensity and cessation we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using data from subjects genotyped as part of the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) project, including 2,617 ever-smokers [51], [52]. In addition to single-marker tests of association in the GWAS, we also report results from gene- and gene-group-level tests of association of 359 candidate genes in 30 functional groups.
