aspects of behavioral reactivity (or the lack thereof) that are less voluntary and more reactive. To highlight this distinction, Eisenberg et al. (2004) have labeled impulsivity and behavioral inhibition as aspects of reactive undercontrol and reactive overcontrol, respectively; this distinction maps onto Gray’s behavioral inhibition and activation systems (Gray & McNaughton, 2000). There is evidence that EC and reactive control, although correlated, are separate constructs. They tend to load on separate factors (Rothbart et al., 2001; also see Kindlon, Mezzacappa, & Earls, 1995; Olson, Schilling, & Bates, 1999) and separate latent constructs and provide some unique prediction of maladjustment (e.g., Eisenberg et al., 2004; Valiente et al., 2003).
