Chunk #25 — RESULTS — Early conversion to daily smoking and rapid progression to heavy smoking mediated genetic associations with adult smoking problems

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Polygenic risk and the developmental progression to heavy, persistent smoking and nicotine dependence: evidence from a 4-decade longitudinal study.

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heavy smoking could mitigate genetic risks, we conducted a utopian control analysis:51 We asked whether genetic risks continued to predict adult smoking problems in the subset of individuals who did initiate smoking, but who did not exhibit either of the rapid progression phenotypes (n=454). In this subgroup, genetic risk was uncoupled from the development of smoking problems in adulthood (r=0.05, p=0.176).