closely associated with active transcription [79] and is exceptionally abundant in oocytes (G. Almouzni, personal communication). Also, a high content of polymerised actin is characteristic of the oocyte germinal vesicle; it is present in somatic nuclei that are reprogrammed by Xenopus oocytes, and is required for successful transcriptional reprogramming [80]. Therefore the exceptionally high content of transcriptional components in the oocyte germinal vesicle helps to account for the transcriptional activation of genes in transplanted nuclei.