Allelic variation of the Tas1r3 gene influenced taste responsiveness to non-nutritive sweeteners (saccharin, acesulfame-K, sucralose, SC-45647), sugars (sucrose, maltose, glucose, fructose), sugar alcohols (erythritol, sorbitol), and some amino acids (d-tryptophan, d-phenylalanine, l-proline). Tas1r3 genotype did not affect taste responses to several sweet-tasting amino acids (l-glutamine, l-threonine, l-alanine, glycine), glucose polymers (Polycose, maltooligosaccharide), and non-sweet NaCl, KCl, citric acid, HCl, quinine, monosodium glutamate, ammonium glutamate, and inosine 5′-monophosphate. Thus, Tas1r3 polymorphisms affect taste responses to many nutritive and non-nutritive sweeteners (all of which must interact with a taste receptor involving T1R3), but not to all carbohydrates and amino acids.[130,131]
