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Chunk #25 — Results — Gene-based and gene-set analyses

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Meta-analysis of GWAS of over 16,000 individuals with autism spectrum disorder highlights a novel locus at 10q24.32 and a significant overlap with schizophrenia.
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Using the LD Score approach, we also estimated the proportion of heritability that can be attributed to specific partitions of the genome, such as those attributed to gene-sets [39]. Analyses were divided into two sets; WW ASD GWAS against candidate gene-sets, functional annotations and cell type annotation and noSWM3 ASD GWAS against PGC schizophrenia GWS loci. A summary of observed enrichment at an uncorrected P ≤ .05 is given in Table 2, full enrichment data are provided in the Additional file 13. We again observe evidence of an overlap with schizophrenia, with a 2.5-fold enrichment in heritability for those markers within the PGC schizophrenia GWS loci (P = 0.021). The most significant enrichments were observed for annotations tagging gene enhancers, conserved elements and histone marks indexing expression in the mid-frontal lobe. We do not observe evidence for FMRP targets in either the INRICH or LD score analyses.Table 2Enriched heritability by functional, cellular, and candidate gene-set annotations. prSNPs refers to proportion of SNPs in the model, prH2 refers to proportion on the heritability (SE) attributed to the annotation set, and enrichment