In sum, due to the high rates of polysubstance abuse and comorbid symptomatology present in the samples in the studies reviewed above, there is no clarity about what specific effects are attributable to alcohol to the exclusion of other substance use and psychiatric comorbidity. The aim of our Cape Town project is to clarify the effects of adolescent AUDs via study of relatively pure untreated adolescent AUDs. The current manuscript focuses on neuropsychological functioning.