Brain development in adolescents and young adults occurs on neuronal, structural, and functional levels. One important indicator of neurocognitive function is the P3 (or P300) response, evidenced by the production of a large positive waveform with a peak between 300 ms. and 700 ms. after the presentation of a target stimulus. The P3 response is elicited by infrequently presented target stimuli in a stream of more frequently occurring non-target stimuli in auditory and visual target detection (oddball) tasks, which call for the subject to respond to only the target stimulus. The P3 response has been proposed to index attentional and working memory resources (Polich, 2007). It has been associated with several anatomical loci (locus coeruleus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, and the right-lateralized frontal and temporoparietal regions of the ventral attention network) which may be part of a distributed circuit (Polich and Criado, 2006; Mantini et al., 2009; Sara and Bouret, 2012; Walz et al., 2014). Studies of visual and auditory target detection tasks using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suggest that common, supramodal functional systems are involved as well
