The 15% (v/v) and 30% (v/v) alcohol solutions were prepared by diluting 95% alcohol (ethanol) with distilled and deionized water. Two different alcohol solutions were used because studies have shown that providing P rats with multiple concentrations of alcohol increases alcohol intake (Bell et al., 2003). The two alcohol solutions were presented concurrently in separate calibrated glass drinking tubes, along with water, and daily fluid intakes were recorded to the nearest milliliter. To prevent the development of a side preference, the positions of the three drinking tubes were rotated daily. Alcohol intake in milliliters was converted from ml alcohol/kg BW to g alcohol/kg BW prior to data analysis.