Rather, increased rs-fcMRI connectivity with training supports the hypothesis that at least some of the developmental changes in resting state networks are due to an increased history of co-activation, such as might be found with Hebbian processes (Hebb 1949). Lewis et al. (2009) demonstrated modulations in connectivity between a section of retinotopic visual cortex and frontal eye fields and retinotopic visual cortex and default mode brain regions when subjects repeatedly made eye movements to the same location in the visual field. Similarly, Stevens et al. (2010) showed increased connectivity between the right inferior frontal gyrus and fusiform face area or a fusiform area responsive to scenes when subjects performed a repetition priming task with face and scene stimuli respectively. Finally, a similar increase in resting state correlations between the medial temporal lobes and lateral occipital cortex was observed by Tambini et al. (2010) following an associative object learning task. Taken together, these studies suggest that rs-fcMRI connectivity is likely related to a history of co-activity, a process that may be especially prominent in child and adolescent development.
