The InterAct Consortium is funded by the Sixth European Framework Programme. It was initiated to investigate how genetic and lifestyle behavioural factors, particularly diet and physical activity, interact on the risk of developing diabetes and how knowledge about such interactions may be translated into preventative action. As part of the wider InterAct project, consortium partners have established a case-cohort study of incident type 2 diabetes (InterAct Study) based on cases occurring in European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohorts between 1991 and 2007 in 8 of 10 EPIC countries participating in InterAct.