With the exception of demographic variables, unadjusted odds ratios were significant for almost all variables tested and confirmed that for both sexes, more substance dependence diagnoses were associated with a higher risk of mental health problems, antisocial behaviour, suicide attempts and heroin overdose (Tables 5 and 6). In the adjusted model, a younger onset of cannabis use, screening BPD+, depression, heroin overdose, sexual abuse, experiencing adult violence and having spent time in prison were associated with a greater number of substance dependence diagnoses for males (Table 5) and females (Table 6). For males, more heroin use per day, ASPD and PTSD were also associated with multiple substance dependence diagnoses. For females, childhood emotional neglect, suicide attempt/s and antisocial behaviour (ASB) were associated with increasing substance dependence diagnoses. Although the differences in ASPD for females across number of substance dependence diagnoses were significant in the univariate analysis, in the adjusted model these differences were better accounted for by prison time. A diagnosis of PTSD was not associated with increased dependence diagnoses for females (Tables 5). In sum, increasing substance dependence diagnoses
