interview using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID), to evaluate lifetime Axis I and II diagnoses. Cohen's Kappa (Cohen, 1960 [51]) of 0.80 indicated good inter-rater reliability. Exclusion criteria included a history of head injury or neurological diseases. All case participants were outpatients or stable in-patients. Further details of the Munich cohort and protocol are available in Van den Oord et al. (2006) [52]. All cases and controls gave informed consent. The study was approved by both local and multiregional academic ethical committees.
