In both ATR samples, assessments were administered using a computer-based telephone or face-to-face interview of the Semi-Structured Assessment of the Genetics of Alcoholism (Australian version SSAGA-OZ) (Bucholz et al., 1994; Kramer et al., 2009). Assessments included lifetime history of substance use as well as DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for abuse, dependence as well as other diagnoses, such as conduct disorder (CD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety disorders, including social anxiety and panic disorders. All participants provided informed consent prior to the interview, as approved by the institutional review boards of Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States and the Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
