There is a need for large, high quality studies examining the etiology, diagnosis, and interventions for ADHD in FASD because there is the potential to modify significantly the poor adult outcomes associated with the secondary disabilities. Agreement on the most appropriate diagnostic criteria and terminology for FASD and standardization of outcome measures would improve the translation of research findings into clinical practice. The development of effective interventions will be guided by improved understanding of the etiology of ADHD in FASD and the ability to diagnose FASD more accurately.