and range between the end of a phase shift and the beginning of a subsequent phase lock. This appears to be a fundamental “unconscious” transition time that is near to the flicker fusion frequency and may be why TV viewers rely upon instant replay to confirm a touch down in football or a replay in baseball, etc. (i.e., human time frames are too long and require higher speed instant replay to determine the reality of an event under question). The “gap” interval of about 135 ms is spatially distributed and temporally averaged across billions of loops in the brain and results in a continuous or smooth appearance of reality.