Human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC or hESC) were cultured on inactivated mouse embryonic fibroblast feeders (EmbryoMax PMEF; Millipore) in hPSC medium containing DMEM/F12 (1:1, Life Technologies, 11330), Knockout Serum (20%, Life Technologies, 10828), non-essential amino acids (1 mM, Life Technologies, 11140), GlutaMax (1: 200, Life Technologies, 35050), β-mercaptoethanol (0.1 mM; Sigma-Aldrich M3148), penicillin and streptomycin (1:100, Life Technologies, 15070), and supplemented with FGF2 (10 ng/ml diluted in 0.1% BSA; R&D Systems).