Social-network level variables also focused on other family relationships35,36,39,46, including marriage and sibling relationships, and peer influences35,44. Genetic factors can inter-relate with marital status or peer groups in influencing alcohol use and AUD through both gene-environment correlations and GxE effects46,56. These factors all potentially contribute to varying degrees of increased or decreased constraint related to access to alcohol and perceived permissiveness for drinking in the immediate environment.
