Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) allows for the in vivo quantification of neurometabolites based on their molecular structure. The largest signals arise from N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total creatine and phosphocreatine (tCr), and choline-containing compounds (Cho). In addition to the key MRS-visible metabolites NAA, tCr, and Cho, the combined resonance of glutamate (Glu) + glutamine (Gln), often referred to as Glx, has also been reported in the alcoholism literature.
