Across race/ethnicity and genders, CSA was associated with elevated risk for AUD, CUD, and TUD. This is in agreement with several previous studies that link CSA to risk for SUD, even after taking into account other known shared risk factors (Kendler et al. 2000; Sartor et al. 2012). Interestingly, the relation of CSA and AUD was no longer significant after adjusting for other risk factors and psychiatric comorbidities among most groups (e.g. White and Black women), yet remained among Hispanic females, indicating robust CSA associated risk for AUD. Similarly, adjusted associations of CSA and CUD were no longer significant among most groups (e.g. White men and women, Hispanic men, and Asian women), yet remained among Black females and American Indian males, indicating robust CSA associated risk for CUD among these groups. In a review of the literature regarding the sociocultural context for mental health effects of sexual assault for AA, Asian-American, Latina, and Native-American women, Davis et al. 2008 discuss numerous barriers to obtaining protection and assistance that ethnic minority women are confronted with, including discriminatory policies, financial constraints, social
