et al., 2011). Ventromedial prefrontal cortex-amygdala interactions have been implicated in “top-down” modulation of negative emotions and in extinction or reversal of previous aversive associations (Leitman et al., 2011). Ventral prefrontal top-down modulation of facial emotion processing was reduced in schizophrenia (Kim et al., 2011). Weakening of ventromedial prefrontal cortex-amygdala functional connectivity has been reported in schizophrenia during emotional identification (Fakra et al., 2008) during negative distraction in a perceptual task (Anticevic et al., 2011), and in resting BOLD data, where greater aggression was associated with weaker ventral prefrontal cortex-amygdala connectivity (Hoptman et al., 2010).
